The term “Trade” is a process or social experience through which goods and services are exchanged with other valuable materials or currency.

In ancient civilizations, such as that of Egypt, goods were transported from-and-to Egypt via the Mediterranean Sea and the River Nile. Goods such as silver, ivory, wool, and spices traveled from the Arabian Peninsula, Asia, and Africa to Egypt. In turn, Egypt was exporting to the Roman Empire large quantities of agricultural crops for which Egypt was famous, such as wheat, barley, cotton, flax, in addition to pottery.

There is no doubt that the Arabs and the Greeks were the pioneers of trade in the world. After Alexander the Great built Alexandria Port in 331 BC, it became the capital of world trade for several centuries.

Trading takes place either in a limited range (domestic market) or on an expansive range (international market). Supply and demand are affected by moving the goods from one place to another in a seamless manner to ensure its continuity and expansion - geographically and technologically - to attain an economic advantage.

Trading is closely related to the growth of civilizations, where the prosperity of nations can be measured by the volume of trade that they do, which in turn results in expansion. This is brought about by the needs of civilized humans, which were initially limited to the basic necessities of life (such as food, water, air, clothing, and shelter) to survive. With the development and prosperity of nations, basic needs evolved to extend to other essentials.